- hCG is produced by a fetus's placenta during pregnancy. A second type, called pituitary hCG, is manufactured by the pituitary gland in men and women.
- During pregnancy, hCG acts as a stimulant that assists in fetal development. In non-pregnant women and men, hCG present in the bloodstream is the pituitary type. According to a Clincal Chemistry article, the purpose for pituitary hCG is currently unknown.
- Very low levels of hCG may be undetectable on tests. Home pregnancy tests detect hCG at levels that vary by brand. Levels of hCG can be tested accurately by a blood lab test.
- Non-menopausal women with hCG levels greater than 5 mIU/ml are considered pregnant, according to the American Pregnancy Association. Post-menopausal women may have levels as high as 9.5 mIU/ml.
- High levels of hCG in men is a symptom of testicular cancer. According to the American Cancer Society, a man may complain of symptoms of sore breasts because hCG promotes breast growth. A doctor would administer an hCG blood test to determine if levels indicate tumors.
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