- Osteoarthritis results from the breakdown of cartilage, the tissue that acts as insulation for the joints. The specific cause for the destruction of cartilage is unknown.
- As the cartilage decreases, the bones of the joints rub together, which can lead to damage and pain. One third of patients with osteoarthritis experience some type of disability linked to a loss of mobility or pain.
- Tenderness from light pressure and pain in a joint after a period of disuse are two common symptoms of osteoarthritis. Swelling and bony, hard lumps sometimes appear around the painful joint as well as a grating sensation when using the joint.
- Doctors employ a variety of methods to diagnose osteoarthrtitis, including X-rays, blood tests and the extraction of joint fluid. Arthroscopy, the use of tiny camera inserted through an incision, is used to examine the joint as well.
- Rest, exercise and alternating hot and cold compresses are at-home treatments for osteoarthritis. Prescription drugs such as Ultram and stronger painkillers such as Darvon provide pain relief for moderate to severe cases, and cortisone injections and joint replacement are common treatments for advanced cases.
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